Understanding the disease

What is ALS?

ALS is a disease that gradually takes away a person's ability to move, speak, and breathe — while leaving the mind sharp and aware. Understanding it is the first step toward showing up for the families who live with it.

A progressive disease of the motor neurons

ALS stands for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is often called Lou Gehrig's disease, after the famous baseball player whose diagnosis brought it into the public eye.

ALS attacks the motor neurons — the nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movement. As these neurons break down and die, the brain can no longer send signals to the muscles. Over time, the muscles weaken and waste away.

For most people, the mind and senses remain clear, even as the body becomes harder to control. That reality is part of what makes ALS so difficult — and why compassionate support matters so much.

What it can look like

How ALS affects the body

ALS affects everyone differently, and it progresses at its own pace. Common changes over time include:

Muscle weakness

Weakness or stiffness, often starting in the hands, arms, legs, or feet, that gradually spreads.

Changes in speech

Slurred or quieter speech as the muscles used to talk become harder to control.

Difficulty swallowing

Trouble eating and drinking, which can affect nutrition and daily routines.

Breathing changes

As respiratory muscles weaken, breathing may require support over time.

A clear mind

For most people, thinking, memory, and the senses remain largely intact throughout.

A personal journey

Symptoms, timing, and progression vary widely from one person to the next.

This page offers general information only and is not medical advice. For diagnosis, treatment, and guidance, please consult a qualified healthcare professional or a recognized ALS organization.

Good to know

A few things worth understanding

Anyone

ALS can affect adults of any background. It is most often diagnosed between the ages of 40 and 70, but it does not discriminate.

No cure*

There is currently no cure, but treatments, therapies, and dedicated care can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Hope

Research is advancing, and communities like ours surround families with care — proof that no one has to face ALS alone.

Where we come in

How ALS Spark4Life helps

We can't change a diagnosis — but we can change how a family experiences it. Through the funds we raise and the community we build, we offer practical and emotional support to patients and families affected by ALS and other terminal illness.

  • Moments of comfort, connection, and respite for caregivers
  • A community that shows up — at events and in everyday life
  • Hope, encouragement, and the reminder that someone cares
See how you can help

Turn understanding into action.

Now that you know what families are facing, you can help lighten the load. Every gift makes a difference.